Rejected

Several peripheral regional anaesthesia (RA) techniques are commonly used in thoracic surgery even in the absence of precise indications regarding their effectiveness on postoperative pain management.

An ambiguous definition of "asymptomatic" Moyamoya Angiopathy(aMMA) of absence of ischemic/hemorrhagic episodes in MMA patients, has led to its variable adaptation in the limited past-studies.

As a result of the pandemic, many patients with an inflammatory rheumatic disease (IRD) have isolated themselves. The lack of disease management together with fear of infection could lead to changes in physical- and mental health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the social- and health behaviour in patients with an IRD compared with the behaviour of healthy individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was a questionnaire survey answered by patients with an IRD and healthy individuals (HI). The questionnaire contained seven sections with questions regarding COVID-19 and quality of life including SF-36, EQ-5D-5L, and visual analogue scale (VAS) pain, fatigue and global health. Of 1663 invited participants, 661 patients with IRD and 266 HI were included in the analyses. Patients with an IRD felt more isolated during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with HI (IRD: 9.5% (61/644), HI: 3.1% (8/259), p-value = 0.001). More HI (5.4%) had been infected with COVID-19 than patients with an IRD (1.7%). Among patients with an IRD those with worse self-reported disease activity outcomes (VAS pain, fatigue and global health, all p-value < 0.001), worse social functioning and emotional well-being were more isolated than individuals with low disease activity. Patients with an IRD feel more isolated during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to HI. Isolation seems to be most pronounced in patients with worse disease related patient-reported outcomes and lower quality of life.

Migraine is a common neurologic disorder and has a great influence on medical students' life. This study aims to determine the prevalence of migraine as well as its association with different factors, and its impact on daily activities among medical students in the Lebanese university.

The goal of this study to summarize the clinical features, treatment and prognosis of children trichobezoar, and to guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Pain is prevalent among older adults and may result in impairment in physical function. However, little is known about the moderating relationships between pain and physical function in old age. This large and representative study sought to estimate the effect of pain on physical function and evaluate whether physical activity (PA) modifies this association.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a relatively new syndrome comprising headache, altered mentation, and seizures, associated with neuroimaging findings characteristic of subcortical edema in the posterior regions. As previous studies have reported perioperative development and recurrence of PRES, a cautious anesthetic management of the syndrome is required.

The nematode Onchocerca cervicalis is the most common causative agent of equine onchocerciasis; this condition is characterised by pruritus and dermatitis and is a differential diagnosis for insect bite hypersensitivity. Onchocerciasis is currently presumed of minor importance within the UK, however prevalence may increase if macrocyclic lactone use declines amid concerns about anthelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes. This survey aimed to establish O. cervicalis awareness and knowledge levels amongst UK equine veterinarians and to determine approximate numbers of UK horses affected with unresponsive cases of dermatoses, including insect bite hypersensitivity. An online survey was distributed to UK equine vets between December 2019 and February 2020. Of 88 respondents, 78% were aware of O. cervicalis, however 49% of these answered less than half the questions presented about the parasite's lifecycle correctly. Approximately 25% of insect bite hypersensitivity cases respondents saw were deemed unresponsive to standard treatments, 84% of respondents had not previously considered onchocerciasis as a differential diagnosis in such cases. Findings suggest knowledge of O. cervicalis amongst UK equine vets is lacking, highlighting a need to raise awareness and consideration of the parasite as a differential when investigating equine dermatoses.

: Prosthetic repair is always employed after large abdominal wall tumor resection, while chronic pain is one of the mesh-related complications after traumatic fixation. The objective of this research was to evaluate the outcomes of retromuscular repair with self-gripping mesh after abdominal wall tumor resection.: The study was a monocentric retrospective analysis following STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statements of all patients with abdominal wall tumor >5 cm in diameter undergoing tumor excision and retromuscular repair with self-gripping mesh. Demographic, operative, early postoperative, and follow-up data were noted. Visual Analog Scale, ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (very severe pain), was used to estimate the wound pain.: 24 patients were included in this study, and the defect following tumor resection was 26.9±10.0 cm. There was no tumor recurrence or incisional hernia in median follow-up of 20 months, and the mean VAS score was 0.4. Three had foreign body feeling and no one suffered chronic pain.: Immediate repair with a self-gripping retromuscular mesh can be considered as an effective way to treat an abdominal wall defect after resecting an abdominal wall tumor.

Adenosine A receptor (AR)-dependent signaling in macrophages plays a key role in the regulation of inflammation. However, the processes regulating AR targeting to the cell surface and degradation in macrophages are incompletely understood. For example, the C-terminal domain of the AR and proteins interacting with it are known to regulate receptor recycling, although it is unclear what role potential AR-interacting partners have in macrophages. Here we aimed to identify AR interacting partners in macrophages that may effect receptor trafficking and activity. To this end, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screen using the C-terminal tail of AR as the "bait" and a macrophage expression library as the "prey". We found the lysosomal protease cathepsin D (CtsD) was a robust hit. The AR-CtsD interaction was validated in vitro and in cellular models, including RAW 264.7 and mouse peritoneal macrophage (IPMΦ) cells. We also demonstrated that the AR is a substrate of CtsD and that the blockade of CtsD activity increases the density and cell surface targeting of AR in macrophages. Conversely, we demonstrate AR activation prompts the maturation and enzymatic activity of CtsD in macrophages. In summary, we conclude that CtsD is a novel AR interacting partner, and thus describe molecular and functional interplay that may be crucial for adenosine-mediated macrophage regulation in inflammatory processes.