Rejected

COPD was reported to be the 6th leading cause of death worldwide in the year 1990 and 4th in 2000. The CAT i.e. COPD Assessment Test was introduced in 2009 as an easy tool to assess health status impairment in COPD patients. The CAT evaluates severity that a patient experiences of many of the symptoms of COPD like breathlessness, cough, phlegm, etc. and is observed to be quite abnormal even in mild form of the disease. Hence it can be used as a simple tool to identify patients who are at increased risk of exacerbations. Material: All OPD and IPD patients coming to Navodaya Medical college Raichur, fulfilling the inclusion criteria i.e- Any patient with acute exacerbation of COPD diagnosed by clinical history and examination,any patient with Stable COPD and willing to participate were enrolled in the study. Patients with Interstitial Lung Diseases, Bronchial Asthma, History of Myocardial Infarction within 1 month, Chest or abdominal pain of any cause, oral or facial pain exacerbated by a mouthpiece, stress incontinence,dementia or confusional state, BMI > 25 kg/ m2 were excluded from the study. Sample size – Acute Exacerbation: Minimum 50 cases. Stable Disease: Minimum 50 cases. Appropriate statistical software, including but not restricted to MS Excel, SPSS ver. 20 were used for statistical analysis. Observation: The coefficient of correlation between CAT score and FEV1 (% predicted) in stable COPD cases is significant at 0.05 level of significance. The coefficient of correlation between CAT score and FEV1: FVC in stable COPD cases at 0.05 level of significance.The association between cases of Acute Exacerbation of COPD on Day 1 and Day 5 was significant between CAT scores, pulse rate, respiratory rate, FVC (%predicted) and FEV1 (%predicted) Conclusion: The CAT score provides a simple and reliable measure of overall COPD related health status for long term follow-up of an individual patient and their assessment. CAT score correlates well with PFT parameters in stable disease and during acute exacerbation. Hence it provides a reliable score of severity of the disease. In addition, the CAT score is cost effective, easy to use and is particularly useful for health settings where access to other objective measurements like spirometry is limited.

This article aims to describe the development of a specialist chronic facial pain (CFP) management programme within an already well-established pain management service, including the content from a multidisciplinary perspective, and present preliminary descriptive 6-month outcomes from patients who have attended the programme.

A good number of patients experience post-Covid complications. Doctors and nurses are the front liners who are at greater risk of having this disease. Neurological symptoms are frequent in patients with post-COVID-19 infection. The study aims to observe the post-acute neurological symptoms among doctors and nurses of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh, after they recover from initial infection or among the asymptomatic cases. It was a retrospective observational study among the doctors and nurses who became RT PCR positive from late April to mid-September 2020. A total of 100 subjects were interviewed over the phone for the presence or absence of neurological symptoms four weeks post Covid-19 infection. Total 54 doctors and 46 nurses were evaluated; the male-female ratio was 1:1.77, the mean age was 35.6±7.6 years. Post-acute COVID neurological symptoms (PACNS) were present in 60% of respondents. Fatigue (51%) was the most common symptom, followed by sleep disturbance, headache, myalgia, loss of taste and smell. PACNS were more in symptomatic patients at the initial Covid infection than asymptomatic cases.

Nonodontogenic orofacial pain exists, and diagnosis and management of those conditions can be challenging. This article highlights and discusses how to take a complete and systematic pain history and the important red flags to recognize in patients presenting with perplexing nonodontogenic orofacial pain. Cause and epidemiology, clinical presentation, clinical evaluation and diagnosis, and management options for common neuropathic pain conditions are included. Neuralgia and neuropathic pain conditions and red flags as secondary cause of orofacial pain are more common in older-aged patients.

Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a common multifactorial condition affecting 6 to 27% of women aged 18-50 years worldwide. This study was conducted to review and meta-analyse the current literature on the reduction of chronic pelvic pain after botulinum toxin A (BTA) injection.

Low back pain is not a diagnosis but a symptom of various causes. The differentiation between specific and non-specific low back pain is diagnostically difficult and only of limited help with regard to the further therapeutic procedure. A large proportion of the causes of low back pain are functional disorders that can be detected on the basis of clinical findings and not (or only insufficiently) by imaging procedures. Early recognition and timely adequate therapy are crucial for the prognosis of chronic low back pain. Low back pain at risk of chronicity or chronic low back pain requires early assessment and the initiation of an interdisciplinary multimodal pain therapy program (IMPT).

Hydatid cyst is the larval form of the parasite, echinococcus granulosus. We operated upon a case of a giant hydatid cyst in the left cerebral hemisphere of a 10-year male child. The patient presented to us with a history of headache, vomiting, vertigo and difficulty in walking. On the examination, there was hemiparesis on the right side and left-sided papilledema. The CT scan showed a large extra-axial cystic lesion in the left frontotemporoparietal area. Craniotomy and excision of the cyst by hydro-dissection was performed. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged. Albendazole was given postoperatively for a period of one month. The follow-up CT scan, performed after three months, showed complete resolution of the disease. Key Words: Hydatid cyst, Echinococcus granulosus, Brain, Children.

The specific meniscus injury pattern were divided into many patterns. Nowadays, the meniscus root injury, radial tear meniscus, bucket handle tear meniscus and Ramp lesion were particularly focused on many way to manage and still controversial a lot of issues. Meniscus root tears (MRTs) and Ramp lesion are the most ignored, or misdiagnosed causes of chronic knee pain. Most patients delayed seeking treatment, consequently resulting in cartilage loss, and leading to the condition progressing to osteoarthritis knee. This has resulted in the rate of MR and Ramp repair increase significantly. The bucket handle meniscus tear trend to strong saving the anatomical meniscus and avoid to menisectomy. This article, on the other hand, will reveal you how to save and secure a nearly native meniscus fixation. In case of the radial meniscus, the partial meniscectomy is still used to treat this type of injury today, but it does not prevent degenerative changes from occurring, which can lead to unfavorable outcomes. Meniscal repair is a popular procedure for treating radial tears as an alternative to surgery. However, this pattern of meniscus tear can be difficult to repair and has a high failure rate, the arthroscopic meniscus repair techniques are published.

A 34-year-old farmer and railroad worker injured his left wrist when working at a railroad. The resulting dorsal-ulnar wrist blow caused disabling pain. Splits and 2 subsequent surgeries failed, including an arthroscopic triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) debridement and thermal ablation. Subsequently, magnetic resonance imaging documented a rare Palmer type 1C distal TFCC avulsion. Function was restored and return to farming permitted by reconstruction of the ulnotriquetral (UT) ligament using an extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) slip.

Intractable, chronic abdominal pain from upper abdominal malignant and benign diseases is a significant challenge for healthcare providers and burden on the healthcare system. While opioid analgesics are commonly used to provide pain relief, the adverse effects of chronic opioid use cannot be overlooked. Celiac plexus neurolysis via chemical or thermal means represents an alternative minimally invasive approach to provide palliative pain relief and increase patients' quality of life. Through the use of computed tomography guidance, celiac plexus neurolysis can be performed by accurately targeting the celiac plexus, while minimizing risks to adjacent structures. Historically, celiac plexus neurolysis was performed via instillation of ethanol or phenol; however, within the past decade cryoablation has gained increasing use with potentially fewer side effects.