Rejected

Although most studies of digenetic trematodes of the family Schistosomatidae dwell on representatives causing human schistosomiasis, the majority of the 130 identified species of schistosomes infect birds or non-human mammals. The cercariae of many of these species can cause swimmer's itch when they penetrate human skin. Recent years have witnessed a dramatic increase in our understanding of schistosome diversity, now encompassing 17 genera with eight more lineages awaiting description. Collectively, schistosomes exploit 16 families of caenogastropod or heterobranch gastropod intermediate hosts. Basal lineages today are found in marine gastropods and birds, but subsequent diversification has largely taken place in freshwater, with some reversions to marine habitats. It seems increasingly likely that schistosomes have on two separate occasions colonized mammals. Swimmer's itch is a complex zoonotic disease manifested through several different routes of transmission involving a diversity of different host species. Swimmer's itch also exemplifies the value of adopting the One Health perspective in understanding disease transmission and abundance because the schistosomes involved have complex life cycles that interface with numerous species and abiotic components of their aquatic environments. Given the progress made in revealing their diversity and biology, and the wealth of questions posed by itch-causing schistosomes, they provide excellent models for implementation of long-term interdisciplinary studies focused on issues pertinent to disease ecology, the One Health paradigm, and the impacts of climate change, biological invasions and other environmental perturbations.

The shoulder is one of the most unstable joints of the body. Shoulder dislocation accounts for up to 60% of all major joint dislocations. This study reports two cases of primary traumatic shoulder dislocation and shows that in the elderly, primary traumatic shoulder dislocation is associated with a rotator cuff tear (RCT).

Chronic low back pain is a global health problem having a tremendous effect on the quality of life of patients.

This study investigated the pharmacological mechanism of kaempferol in the treatment of oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain by network pharmacological method and cells experiment. The kaempferol and disease target genes were obtained from several databases, including TCMSP, SwissTargetPrediction, GeneCards, and CTD. Then, the common target genes of drugs and diseases were obtained using Venny online tools. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional analyses were carried out to obtain the enriched molecular pathways associated with the kaempferol and disease. Finally, we constructed a neuropathic pain cell experiment to confirm the findings. 138 intersection targets were identified between targets of kaempferol and oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity. Enrichment analyses revealed that the IL-17 signaling pathway was associated with the therapeutic effects of kaempferol. Kaempferol down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and CCL2 in oxaliplatin-treated astrocytes. Our findings showed that kaempferol alleviated oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity via regulation of inflammation-related genes.

SARS-CoV-2 has massively changed the care situation in hospitals worldwide. Although tumor care should not be affected, initial reports from European countries were suggestive for a decrease in skin cancer during the first pandemic wave and only limited data is available thereafter.

Efforts to prolong thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) analgesia include local anesthetic adjuvants such as dexamethasone (Dex). Previous studies showed that both perineural (PN) and intravenous (IV) routes could prolong analgesia. As perineural Dex is an off-label use, anesthesiologists should be fully informed of the clinical differences, if any, on block duration. This study was designed to evaluate the two administration routes of dexamethasone for duration of analgesia in TPVB. Ninety-five patients scheduled for Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy were randomized to receive TPVB (0.5% ropivacaine 15 ml), perineural or intravenous dexamethasone 8 mg. The primary endpoint was the duration of analgesia. The secondary endpoints included pain scores, analgesic consumption, adverse effects rate, and incidence of chronic pain at 3 months postoperation. The PN-Dex group showed better analgesic effects than the IV-Dex group ( P<0.05). Similarly, the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores in patients at 2 h, 4h, 8h, and 12h postoperation were lower in the PN-Dex group than the IV-Dex group (P<0.05).The analgesic consumption in both the PN-Dex and IV-Dex groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Regarding the incidence of chronic pain, regardless of route, Dex decreased the incidence of chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) and neuropathic pain (NP) at 3 months after surgery (P<0.05), but there were no clinical differences between the IV-Dex and PN-Dex groups. Perineural dexamethasone improved the magnitude and duration of analgesia compared to that of the IV-Dex group in TPVB in Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy. However, there were no clinically significant differences between the two groups in the incidence of chronic pain.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to reduce pain, fever, and inflammation but have been associated with complications in community-acquired pneumonia. Observations shortly after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 suggested that ibuprofen was associated with an increased risk of adverse events in COVID-19 patients, but subsequent observational studies failed to demonstrate increased risk and in one case showed reduced risk associated with NSAID use.

Menstrual migraine is a particular form of migraine with a significant impact on the quality of life for women afflicted. Presently, no study has reported the quality of life in menstrual migraine patients. This work aims to assess the health-related quality of life and identify its associated factors among Chinese menstrual migraine patients.

Dupilumab is a monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in patients aged ≥12years. Large, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trials showed its efficacy and safety in adolescents. However, real-life data are few. The aim of this monocentric retrospective observational study (December 2020-November 2021) was to assess the effectiveness and safety of dupilumab in AD adolescents treated for at least 24 weeks. For each patient demographic features, clinical data and adverse events (AEs) were collected. Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pruritus (P-NRS) and for sleep disturbances (S-NRS), and Children Dermatology Life Quality Index (cDLQI) were assessed at baseline, week (W)4, W16, and W24. Twenty-seven patients (18males; 15.23±3.54years) were enrolled. Dupilumab was administered subcutaneously at dosage of 600mg induction dose, followed by 300mg every 2weeks in 14 (51.85%) patients with a weight ≥60kg, while 13 (48.15%) patients with a weight <60kg were treated with dupilumab 200mg every 2weeks after a loading dose of 400mg. The mean EASI score at baseline was 26.96±4.93 and significantly reduced to 3.74±3.47 at W16 (<.001), and to 3.4±5.04 at W24 (p<.001). P-NRS [9.14±0.94 at baseline vs 2.33±4.93 at W16 (p<.001), and 1.45±2.35 at W24 (p<.001)], S-NRS [7.88 ± 1.64 at baseline vs 0.92 ± 1.35 at W16 (p<.001), and 1.66±2.84 at W24 (p<.0001)] and cDLQI [26.62±4.45 vs 2.18±3.51at baseline vs 2.18±3.51 at W16 (p<.001), and 3.4±5.02 at W24 (p<.001)] showed a statistically significative improvement as well. Injection-site reaction (5/27; 18.52%), conjunctivitis (2/27; 7.41%) and asthenia (2/27; 7.41%) were the main AEs collected. This study seems to confirm the efficacy and safety of dupilumab in adolescents with moderate-to-severe AD also in real-life setting. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Behçet's disease is a chronic systemic vasculitis with a wide range of clinical findings. It has both autoinflammatory and autoimmune features and manifests with recurrent inflammatory attacks involving the innate immune system. Recently, autoinflammation has started to take place in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between intervertebral disc degeneration and Behçet's Disease. We evaluated patients with Behçet's disease who suffered neck or low back pain in the last one year.. Eighty four patients underwent musculoskeletal system examination with MRI imaging of the cervical and lumbar vertebrae, and serum levels of IL6 , IL8 and TNF-α were determined . The mean age was 47.7±11.5 (range 20-68) years. Cervical and/or lumbar herniation was detected in the MRI imaging of 65(77.3%) out of 84 patients. The mean IL8 levels of the group with pain and disc herniation and the group with pain and bulging were statistically significantly higher than the other groups (p = 0.007; p = 0.045, respectively). Chronic inflammation in Behçet's Disease may cause disc degeneration and radicular pain to begin and progress earlier in patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.