Rejected

Headache disorders are common diseases that cause a social burden. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of various non-pharmacological treatments to address or prevent acute headaches, including neuromodulation, acupuncture, and aerobic exercises in patients with episodic migraine and tension-type headache (TTH).

Guideline and consensus documents have recently been published on the important topic of the noninvasive evaluation of patients presenting with chest pain or patients with known acute or chronic coronary syndromes. Authors for these documents have included members representing multispecialty imaging societies. Yet, the process of generating consensus and the need to produce concise written documents have led to a situation where the particular advantages of echocardiography are overlooked. Broad guidelines such as these can be helpful when it comes to "when to do" noninvasive cardiac testing, but they do not pretend to offer nuances on "how to do" noninvasive cardiac testing. This report details the particular value of echocardiography and potential explanations for its understated role in recent guidelines. This report is categorized into the following sections: (1) impact of the level of evidence (LOE) in guideline creation; (2) versatility of echocardiography in the assessment of chest pain (CP) and the inimitable role for echo Doppler echocardiography in the assessment of dyspnea; (3) value of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in assessing CP and dyspnea; and (4) the future role of echocardiography in ischemic heart disease.

Pregabalin is an anticonvulsant widely used for the treatment of epilepsy and neuropathic pain. However, there is a growing concern about its misuse, particularly among drug users and patients with substance use disorders (SUD). It is often used in combination with other psychoactive molecules and at levels well above the recommended doses. Increasing cases of overdose and death associated with the misuse of pregabalin have been reported worldwide. Therefore, raising prescribers' awareness of this scourge is mandatory and the role of the pharmacist is crucial in reducing this phenomenon.

Subfrontal meningiomas grow insidiously in areas with high cerebral compliance and a relative scarcity of eloquent function. Symptoms develop progressively, are nonspecific, and include anosmia, changes in personality and cognition, depressive symptoms, headaches, visual disturbances, and seizures. Patients with subfrontal meningiomas carry the highest risk of developing psychological symptoms, which makes patient-reported outcome in terms of long-term health-related quality of life (HRQOL), anxiety, and depression of particular importance. This observational study aimed to investigate long-term HRQOL, anxiety, and depression in patients with subfrontal meningiomas who underwent a bifrontal craniotomy (subfrontal) approach between 2008 and 2017 at a single tertiary center. Correlations between preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative factors and HRQOL, anxiety, and depression were analyzed to detect prognostic factors.

The goal of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of an auricular point acupressure smartphone app (mAPA) to self-manage chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Analgesic opioid (AO) misuse by patients ranges from 0% to 50%. General practitioners are the first prescribers of AO. Our objective was to validate the Prescription Opioid Misuse Index (POMI) in primary care. We conducted a psychometric study in patients with chronic pain who had been taking AOs for at least 3 months and were followed in general practice. Patients responded to the POMI at inclusion and after 2 weeks. The reference used was the DSM-V. Sixty-nine GPs included 160 patients (87 women, 54.4%), mean age 56.4 ± 15.2 years. The total POMI score was 1.50 ± 1.27, and 73/160 (45.6.0%) had a score ≥ 2 (misuse threshold). Internal validity was measured with the Kuder-Richardson coefficient, which was 0.44. Correlations between each item and the total score ranged from 0.06 to 0.35. Test-retest reliability was determined from 145 patients: Lin's concordance coefficient was 0.57 [0.46, 0.68]. Correlation with the DSM-V (Spearman's coefficient) was 0.52. The POMI does not have sufficient psychometric properties to be recommended as a tool to identify the misuse of AOs in primary care. This study clearly showed that there is a need to create a monitoring tool specific to primary care.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are byproducts of cell metabolism produced by living cells and signal mediators in biological processes. As unstable and highly reactive oxygen-derived molecules, excessive ROS production and defective oxidant clearance, or both, are associated with the pathogenesis of several conditions. Among them, ROS are widely involved in oral and maxillofacial diseases, such as periodontitis, as well as other infectious diseases or chronic inflammation, temporomandibular joint disorders, oral mucosal lesions, trigeminal neuralgia, muscle fatigue, and oral cancer. The purpose of this paper is to outline how ROS contribute to the pathophysiology of oral and maxillofacial regions, with an emphasis on oral infectious diseases represented by periodontitis and mucosal diseases represented by oral ulcers and how to effectively utilize and eliminate ROS in these pathological processes, as well as to review recent research on the potential targets and interventions of cutting-edge antioxidant materials. The PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched using the MesH terms "oral and maxillofacial diseases", "reactive oxygen species", and "antioxidant materials". Irrelevant, obsolete, imprecise, and repetitive articles were excluded through screening of titles, abstracts, and eventually full content. The full-text data of the selected articles are, therefore, summarized using selection criteria. While there are various emerging biomaterials used as drugs themselves or delivery systems, more attention was paid to antioxidant drugs with broad application prospects and rigorous prophase animal experimental results.

Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, bleeding, and weight loss. Ulcerative colitis is typically treated with anti-inflammatory drugs; however, these drugs are associated with various side effects, limiting their use. β-Caryophyllene (BCP), a natural compound derived from cloves, has antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of BCP on colitis in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. BCP was administered for seven days, followed by 2.5% DSS for additional seven days to induce colitis. Changes in stool weight, recovery of gut motility, colon length, colon histology, myeloperoxidase activity, inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IgA, and IgG), and the gut microbiota were observed. Administration of BCP increased stool weight, restored gut motility, and considerably increased colon length compared to those in the untreated colitis mouse model. In addition, the amount of mucin and myeloperoxidase activity in the colon increased, whereas the concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α decreased following the administration of BCP. Furthermore, BCP reduced the abundance of Proteobacteria which can cause intestinal immune imbalance. These results suggest that BCP has a potential to be developed as a preventive agent for colitis.

The knowledge about the effective implementation of corticosteroid injection and extracorporeal shockwave therapy on radiological changes in chronic lateral epicondylitis is lacking. Therefore, the objective of this study is to find and compare the effects of corticosteroid injection and extracorporeal shockwave therapy on radiological changes in chronic lateral epicondylitis.

Postoperative pain after open thoracotomy is known to be very severe and affects sleep quality. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a programmed intermittent epidural bolus injection versus continuous epidural injection for controlling nighttime pain and improving sleep quality after thoracotomy.