Rejected

Secondary health conditions (SHC) are physical and mental health conditions that are causally related to disabilities. Studies have found that SHC increase risk of negative health outcomes among people with traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI). However, little has been done to assess the association of SHC with the risk of chronic health conditions (CHC) after TSCI.

Inflammation caused by neuropathy contributes to the development of neuropathic pain (NP), but the exact mechanism still needs to be understood. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), an important inflammation regulator, might participate in the inflammation in NP. To explore the role of PPAR in NP, the effects of PPAR agonist WY-14643 on chronic constriction injury (CCI) rats were evaluated. The results showed that WY-14643 stimulation could decrease inflammation and relieve neuropathic pain, which was relative with the activation of PPAR. In addition, we also found that the SIRT1/NF-B pathway was involved in the WY-14643-induced anti-inflammation in NP, and activation of PPAR increased SIRT1 expression, thus reducing the proinflammatory function of NF-B. These data suggested that WY-14643 might serve as an inflammation mediator, which may be a potential therapy option for NP.

Most neurological disorders are caused by abnormal gene translation. Generally, dysregulation of elements involved in the translational process disrupts homeostasis in neurons and neuroglia. Better understanding of how the gene translation process occurs requires detailed analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic profile data. However, a lack of strictly direct correlations between mRNA and protein levels limits translational investigation by combining transcriptomic and proteomic profiling. The much better correlation between proteins and translated mRNAs than total mRNAs in abundance and insufficiently sensitive proteomics approach promote the requirement of advances in translatomics technology. Translatomics which capture and sequence the mRNAs associated with ribosomes has been effective in identifying translational changes by genetics or projections, ribosome stalling, local translation, and transcript isoforms in the nervous system. Here, we place emphasis on the main three translatomics methods currently used to profile mRNAs attached to ribosome-nascent chain complex (RNC-mRNA). Their prominent applications in neurological diseases including glioma, neuropathic pain, depression, fragile X syndrome (FXS), neurodegenerative disorders are outlined. The content reviewed here expands our understanding on the contributions of aberrant translation to neurological disease development.

This multicenter retrospective study was conducted from September 2019 to September 2020 at 5 related institutions among patients ≥ 20 years old diagnosed with chronic constipation whose previous colonoscopic BP had had a fair or poor Aronchick score. Two or four sachets of PEG+E (13.7 or 27.4 g/day) were prescribed for 1 week before colonoscopy. We analyzed the rate of improvement in BP, effect-related factors, spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs), stool consistency, improvement of constipation symptoms, and adverse events.

Although the explanation for inconsistencies in the reported association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and chronic pain (CP) has not yet been determined, understanding this discrepancy is necessary for the development of vitamin D supplementation as an effective treatment for CP. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the relationship between 25(OH)D concentrations and CP according to drinking habits in Japanese subjects.

We aimed to determine the effect of intravenous morphine injection on the modified Frankel scores of dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disk extrusion (IVDE). This was a prospective, blinded, randomized, and placebo-controlled study. We included dogs with a presumptive diagnosis of thoracolumbar IVDE that did not undergo analgesic, anti-inflammatory, or sedative treatment within the last 12 h. A neurological examination was performed and the deficits were graded using the modified Frankel score (MFS). Subsequently, each dog was randomly allocated to receive an intravenous injection of either morphine or placebo. After 30 min, the dogs were re-evaluated by the same veterinary officer who was blinded to the contents of the injections. Dogs were included in the study if IVDE was ultimately confirmed by surgery within one week of initial presentation. Among the 79 dogs initially enrolled, 62 dogs met the inclusion criteria. Among them, thirty-two dogs received intravenous morphine injections and there was no difference between the pre- and post-injection modified Frankel scores. Thirty dogs received an intravenous placebo injection. One dog had a worsening of the MFS by one grade in the post-injection examination. In dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disk extrusion, an intravenous injection of morphine does not affect the modified Frankel score after 30 min compared with the pre-injection value. These findings support the use of an analgesic morphine dose if the neurological examination can be performed 30 min or later after the injection.

Many topical agents are available for treating the acute phase of acne; however, few agents have been proven beneficial during the maintenance phase. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of moisturizer containing licochalcone A, 1,2-decanediol, L-carnitine, and salicylic acid during the maintenance phase of mild to moderate acne in Thai patients. One hundred and ten patients with mild to moderate acne vulgaris were initially treated with a fixed combination of adapalene 0.1%/benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel once daily for 8 weeks. Fifty patients who achieved at least 50% reduction in lesion counts or at least a 2-grade improvement in the Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) grade from baseline were enrolled in the maintenance phase, which was an investigator-masked, left-right comparison, randomized, controlled, intraindividual study. Moisturizers with and without the active study ingredients were applied twice a day to each side of the face, respectively, for 12 weeks. Assessments included acne lesion counts, acne severity by IGA scoring, skin bioengineering measurements, and skin tolerability as assessed by both patient and physician. The treatment group had a significant reduction in the mean counts of noninflammatory, inflammatory, and total lesions compared to the vehicle group at week 12 and also between baseline and week 12. There was no significant difference in the mean scores for skin dryness, stinging/burning, or pruritus at any time point between groups. Moisturizer containing licochalcone A, 1,2-decanediol, L-carnitine, and salicylic acid reduced acne lesions and prevented the development of new lesions during the maintenance phase. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov registration no. NCT04002024.

Persistent denial of severe and acute pain following orthopedic injuries has not been previously reported. We present a case of a 24-year-old woman with a history of schizoaffective disorder who suffered severe pain secondary to acute orthopedic injuries who insisted, "I am fine! There is nothing wrong with me." Her maladaptive denial resulted in an initial refusal of necessary medical/surgical care, but she eventually accepted the necessary treatments despite her persistent belief she did not need such care. Her verbalizations and behaviors were characterized by active avoidance and angry reactions when a consulting psychiatrist spoke to her regarding her clinical condition. A modified version of the Conscious Avoidance subscale of the Denial of Illness Questionnaire was useful in measuring the severity level of her denial. This case report suggests that the behavioral features of psychological denial appear different from those associated impaired self-awareness secondary to an underlying brain disorder.

The expansions of labor-intensive investments in a developing countries, especially in textile production create a dusty work environment for workers, and those workers are from the low socio-economic group and need special safety concern.

To analyze our own results with literature data and substantiate microvascular decompression in patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) following vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD).