Rejected

Pudendal and cluneal nerve entrapment can cause a neuropathic pain syndrome in the sensitive areas innervated by these nerves. Recently, a new endoscopic minimal invasive approach for pudendal and inferior cluneal nerve neurolysis has been published in a cadaver study. The aim of our study was to describe the feasibility of this new approach and to evaluate the clinical outcome.

The majority of research influencing our understanding of vestibular schwannoma (VS) comes from large tertiary referral centers, and as a consequence, is inherently prone to referral bias. The objective of the current study was to characterize tertiary referral center bias in VS research.

Rosa damascena Mill. is prescribed for the management of chest and abdominal pain, constipation, digestive disorders, menstrual bleeding and liver ailments.

Pain after tonsil surgery is troublesome because it causes discomfort. In addition, handling patients with postoperative pain is challenging to otolaryngologists. Many laboratory studies have assessed the use of analgesics and surgical techniques to discover methods for effective control of postoperative pain associated with tonsil surgery. In this review article, we summarize and provide a comprehensive overview of current methods for the control of pain after tonsil surgery based on findings of recent studies. Although powered intracapsular tonsillotomy is not popular yet, it seems to be an effective option among various surgical techniques. More discussion about powered intracapsular tonsillotomy should be done in the future. On the other hand, surgery with a harmonic scalpel, fibrin glue, or cryoanalgesia seems ineffective. When reviewing medical treatment methods, the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, steroids, and/or gabapentin/pregabalin seems to be effective. However, the use of opioid (especially codeine) for children should be avoided because of possible respiratory insufficiency. Ketorolac is dangerous because of the risk of hemorrhage. We should continue to focus on the development of novel postoperative pain control techniques with no or low complications.

Uremic pruritus (UP) affects up to half of all patients with kidney disease and has been independently associated with poor patient outcomes. UP is a challenging symptom for clinicians to manage as there are no validated guidelines for its treatment.

Thrombosis or thrombophlebitis of the superficial dorsal vein of the penis is called penile Mondor's disease. Although many factors are suggested as the etiology, but it has not been clarified yet. Hypersensitivity reactions may predispose to this complication in some patients; and it results from the formation of antigen-antibody immune complexes in the circulation as a consequence of the penetration of antigenic debris into the circulation due to pruritus-related excoriations caused by parasitic infestations like scabies. Herein, we present a case of isolated superficial dorsal penile vein thrombosis developing due to scabies infestation without any additional thrombogenic factors. Conservative approach and medical treatment were sufficient in the successful treatment of scabietic penile Mondor's disease.

The feet constitute an important sensory structure in the mechanisms of postural control. As a direct and often only interface between the body and the ground, the feet allow us to sense and interact with our environment. Sensory information provided by muscle and cutaneous afferents in the foot contribute to our ability to stand upright, and postural sway is necessary to detect both position and motion of the body in space. A decline in foot sole skin sensitivity occurs naturally with aging and as a result of neurological disorders, including different peripheral neuropathies, the commonest etiologies of which are diabetes mellitus or effects of chemotherapy. This decline in sensitivity is frequently associated with poorer postural control and increased risk of falls in these populations. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to summarize the evidence that supports a functional role of foot sole sensory tactile and muscular feedback in standing balance, and the postural consequences when this feedback is impaired with aging or disease. This brings new clinical perspectives on the development of intervention strategies to improve the quality of foot sole cutaneous feedback. It also seems to be a promising approach in the management of patients with balance disorders, with specific chronic pain syndromes, with neurologic diseases or those at risk of falling.

The ICA is the most common site of cervical artery dissection. Prompt and reliable identification of the mural hematoma is warranted when a dissection is clinically suspected. The purpose of this study was to assess to capacity of a standard DWI sequence acquired routinely on the brain to detect dissecting hematoma related to cervical ICA dissections.

Use of illicit opioids and misuse of prescription opioids are the main causes of drug-related deaths across the world, and the continuing rise in opioid-related mortality, especially affecting North America, Australia and Europe, is a public health challenge. Strategies that may help to decrease the high levels of opioid-related mortality and morbidity and improve care across Europe include risk assessment and interventions to improve the use of opioid analgesics, e.g. prescription drug-monitoring programmes, education on pain management to reduce opioid prescribing, and the implementation of evidence-based primary prevention programmes to reduce the demand for opioids. For patients who develop opioid use disorder (a chronic and relapsing problematic use of opioids that causes clinical impairment or distress), treatment combining opiate receptor full or partial agonist medications for opioid-use disorder (MOUD) with psychosocial interventions is essential. However, in Europe a substantial proportion of the 1.3 million high-risk opioid users (defined as injecting drug use or regular use of opioids, mainly heroin) remain outside of dedicated treatment programmes. More widespread and easier access to MOUD could reduce mortality levels; via approaches such as primary care-led treatment models, and efforts to improve patient retention and adherence to treatment programmes. Other harm-reduction strategies, such as the use of MOUD at optimal doses, the provision of take-home naloxone, the introduction of supervised drug-consumption facilities, and patient education to reduce the risk of overdose may also be beneficial.