Rejected

This article provides a systematic diagnostic approach to the patient with headache.

Prospective studies of surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) have excluded elderly patients, and no study has exclusively addressed the ≥80-year-old subgroup. We hypothesized that SSRF is associated with decreased mortality in trauma patients 80 years or older.

To perform the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of Back Beliefs Questionnaire to Turkish language and evaluate its reliability and validity. Back Beliefs Questionnaire was translated and culturally adapted into Turkish regarding to the published guidelines. This observational cross-sectional study was performed with 110 chronic low back pain patients. All participants were asked to complete Back Beliefs Questionnaire and also fill the socio-demographic data form and evaluation tools (Numeric rating scale-pain, Oswestry Disability Index, Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Internal consistency was evaluated with Cronbach's alfa coefficient. Intraclass correlation coefficient was used to assess test-retest reliability. Structural validity was assessed by correlations with other tools. Back Beliefs Questionnaire had a good internal consistency (Cronbach alfa = 0.79) and an excellent test-retest reliability (Intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.84). A moderate correlation was determined between Back Beliefs Questionnaire and Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire. Correlations with Numeric rating scale-pain, Oswestry Disability Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were fair. Turkish version of Back Beliefs Questionnaire is a valid and reliable questionnaire that can be used to evaluate beliefs about pain in patients with chronic low back pain. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Negative attitudes and beliefs about low back pain cause patients to avoid engaging in physical activities and consequently lead to disability. The Back Belief Questionnaire can be used to evaluate these negative attitudes and beliefs to determine whether the patient will suffer from a disability in the future. Informations obtained with the Back Belief Questionnaire can be used to train the susceptible patients to prevent the development of disability and to promote patient participation in daily life. The Turkish version of Back Belief Questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool that can be used to assess back pain beliefs in Turkish-speaking individuals to prevent potential disability and burden to the economy.

Fungal keratitis is an infection that is insidious and frequently misdiagnosed. Those with chronic eye surface conditions, contact lenses, systemic immunosuppression, and diabetes have been the most frequently affected with fungal keratitis. An 84-year-old male patient with a history of bilateral penetrating keratoplasty (PK) for keratoconus presented with pain and decreased visual acuity on his left eye. A corneal perforation was found, which was treated immediately with a full-thickness corneal transplant. The specimen was sent for bacterial and fungal cultures. Topical corticosteroids were prescribed postoperatively. was isolated from the corneal scrapings. The postoperative treatment was modified by reducing the dose of corticosteroid and adding topical natamycin together with systemic posaconazole. No recurrence occurred in the transplant four months postoperatively under topical dexamethasone 0.1% b.i.d.  This is the first case of keratitis and perforation in a previously transplanted cornea. Due to the rarity of the infection, there are no clear guidelines for postoperative prophylaxis in infection. Either the continuation of corticosteroids or the switch to another immunosuppressive therapy and selecting the appropriate antifungal regimen posed a significant therapeutic dilemma.

microRNA-138 (miRNA-138) might have a promising therapeutic effect in the Neuropathic pain (NP). We aim to investigate the effects of miRNA-138 on NP and explore its underlying mechanism.

Epidural analgesia (EA) has been the standard of care after major abdominal surgery for many years. This study aimed to correlate EA with postoperative complications, short- and long-term mortality in patients with and without EA after open surgery (OS) and minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for colorectal cancer.

Chronic migraine (CM) is a common and disabling neurological disorder that affects 1-2% of the global population. The aim of the present study was to identify the functional characteristics of the CM brain using static functional connectivity (s-FC), static functional network connectivity (s-FNC), and dynamic functional network connectivity (d-FNC) analyses.

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a signature injury sustained by Veterans during recent conflicts. For some, mTBI/concussion is associated with disabling symptoms, including post-concussive headaches (PCH). However, there are limited evidence-based treatments for persistent PCH.

Functional disability affects a large percentage of adolescents with chronic pain. The functional disability inventory (FDI) has been widely described in the literature to assess functional disability, with good psychometric properties. To translate and adapt the FDI to European Portuguese language and assess the validity, reliability, and measurement error of this version in adolescents with chronic musculoskeletal pain and, specifically, with neck and low back pain. The translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the FDI was conducted according to international guidelines. After that, 1730 adolescents completed the following scales and questionnaires: FDI, Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, and Basic Scale on Insomnia complaints and Quality of Sleep. Sixty-three of these adolescents, with at least one painful body site, completed the questionnaire twice to assess reliability and measurement error. Exploratory factor analysis and hypothesis testing was used to assess construct validity. Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.81 and 0.88, ICC was 0.86 (95%CI:0.77; 0.92), the SEM and the SDC were 2.50 and 6.93 (total score of 60 points), respectively. Fair to moderate correlations were obtained between FDI and pain intensity ( = 0.33 to 0.43), catastrophizing ( = 0.41 to 0.44) depression, anxiety, and stress ( = 0.48 to 0.53), fear of movement ( = 0.32 to 0.42), and sleep impairments ( = 0.34 to 0.38). The factor analysis suggested a two-factor solution. The European Portuguese version of the FDI has very good internal consistency, good test-retest reliability, and construct validity when used in a sample of community adolescents with chronic pain. Implications for rehabilitation One of the most widely instruments used to assess functional disability is the Functional Disability Inventory (FDI), which in its original version has good psychometric properties and is recommended by the Pediatric Initiative on Methods, Measurement, and Pain Assessment in Clinical Trials; However, the FDI has not been translated yet into European Portuguese language and its psychometric properties have not been assessed in adolescents with chronic spinal pain; This study suggests that the European Portuguese version of the FDI has very good internal consistency, good test-retest reliability as well as construct validity when used in a sample of community adolescents with chronic spinal pain; Therefore, these findings suggest the use of the European Portuguese version of the FDI to assess the functional disability in adolescents with chronic spinal pain.