Rejected

The best nonsurgical treatment for frozen shoulder is still unclear. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is an innovative adjunctive treatment for frozen shoulder, but its effect is still unclear.

Epilepsy is a debilitating disorder that affects about 70 million people in the world currently. Most patients with epilepsy (PWE) often reported at least one type of comorbid disorder. These may include neuropsychiatric disorders, cognitive deficits, migraine, cardiovascular dysfunction, systemic autoimmune disorders and others. Current treatment strategies against epilepsy-associated comorbidities have been based on targeting each disorder separately with either anti-seizure medications (ASMs), anti-inflammatories or anti-depressant drugs, which have often given inconsistent and ineffective results. Gut dysbiosis may be a common pathological pathway between epilepsy and its comorbid disorders, and thus may serve as a possible intervention target. Therefore, this narrative review aimed to elucidate the potential pathological and therapeutic role of the gut microbiota in adult epilepsy-associated comorbidities. This review noticed a scarcity in the current literature on studies investigating the direct role of the gut microbiota in relation to epilepsy-associated comorbidities. Nevertheless, gut dysbiosis have been implicated in both epilepsy and its associated comorbidities, with similarities seen in the imbalance of certain gut microbiota phyla (Firmicutes), but differences seen in the mechanism of action. Current gut-related interventions such as probiotics have been consistently reported across studies to provide beneficial effects in correcting gut dysbiosis and improving various disorders, independent of epilepsy. However, whether these beneficial effects may translate towards epilepsy-associated comorbidities have yet to be determined. Thus, future studies determining the therapeutic potential of gut microbiota interventions in PWE with epilepsy-associated comorbidities may effectively improve their quality of life.

To compare the efficacy of topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and prednisolone acetate in controlling inflammation and preventing cystoid macular edema (CME) after uneventful phacoemulsification.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex pathology described as persistent hyperalgesia including somatic and mood dysfunctions, depression and anxiety. Although the etiology of FM is still unknown, a significant decrease in biogenic amines is a common characteristic in its pathogenesis. Here, our main objective was to investigate the role of dopamine D3/D2 receptor during the reserpine-induced pain in mice. Our results showed that pramipexole (PPX) – a dopaminergic D3/D2 receptor agonist – inhibited mechanical allodynia and thermal sensitivity induced by reserpine. Relevantly, PPX treatment decreased immobility time and increased the number of grooming in the forced swimming test and splash test, respectively. Animals that received PPX remained longer in the open arms than the reserpine group using elevated plus-maze apparatus. The repeated PPX administration, given daily for 4 days, significantly blocked the mechanical and thermal allodynia during FM model, similarly to pregabalin, although it failed to affect the reserpine-induced thermal nociception. Reserpine administration induced significant downregulation of dopamine concentration in the central nervous system, and repeated treatment with PPX restored dopamine levels in the frontal cortex and spinal cord tissues. Moreover, PPX treatment inhibited oxidants production such as DCFH (2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein) and nitrite, also decreased oxidative damage (carbonyl), and upregulated the activity of superoxide dismutase in the spinal cord. Together, our findings demonstrated the ability of dopamine D3/D2 receptor-preferring agonist in reducing pain and mood dysfunction allied to FM in mice. All experimental protocols were approved by the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) Ethics Committee (approval No. 2572210218) on May 10, 2018.

This study investigated patients with neuropathic, myofascial and other orofacial pain conditions according to the differences and similarities of the sensory profile, and the association between sensory findings and neuropathic or non-neuropathic conditions.

Clinicians seek to identify associations between pain behaviours to understand if symptoms are related or separate conditions. This study determined whether the temporal behaviour of migraine related neck pain related to i) the presence of cervical musculoskeletal function or ii) migraine hypersensitivity.

Cough in chronic respiratory diseases is a common symptom associated with significant comorbidities including visceral pain. Available antitussive therapy still has limited efficacy. Recent advances in the understanding of voltage-gated sodium channels (Nas) lead to the rational hypothesis that subtype Na1.7 is involved in initiating cough and thus may present a promising therapeutic target for antitussive therapy. We evaluated the antitussive effect of Na1.7 blocker PF-05089771 administered systemically and topically in awake guinea pigs using capsaicin cough challenge. Compared to vehicle, peroral or inhaled PF-05089771 administration caused about 50-60% inhibition of cough at the doses that did not alter respiratory rate. We conclude that the Na1.7 blocker PF-05089771 inhibits cough in a manner consistent with its electrophysiological effect on airway C-fibre nerve terminals.

We aimed to investigate the clinical and functional – outcomes including maximal and explosive strength – after chronic quadriceps tendon rupture repair with Modified Pulvertaft on Weave technique (MPW).

Scalp injection with mesotherapy ( LC cell hair essence ) helps in anchoring hair follicles and might have good therapeutic efficacy and lower side effects than Botox in the treatment of Androgenetic alopecia (AGA).

To investigate the vaccination rate, reported side effects, and patient concerns for COVID-19 vaccination in patients with rheumatic diseases.