Rejected

Current Bárány Society criteria for vestibular migraine (VM) include only episodic symptoms. Anecdotal observations suggest that some patients have episodic forms and others have chronic forms of VM, with interplay and evolution of both subtypes over time.

Faecal incontinence (FI) is a disabling condition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The diagnosis of FI is not easy as patients are reluctant to report this embarrassing symptom. The objectives of this study were to characterize the prevalence of FI in IBD patients using available scoring systems, and to identify associated risk factors.

To investigate the effect of different concentrations of ropivacaine on maternal temperature and inflammatory factors during epidural analgesia.

Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) acts as a selective pulmonary vasodilator and it is currently approved by the FDA for the treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. iNO has been demonstrated to effectively decrease pulmonary artery pressure and improve oxygenation, while decreasing extracorporeal life support use in hypoxic newborns affected by persistent pulmonary hypertension. Also, iNO seems a safe treatment with limited side effects. Despite the promising beneficial effects of NO in the preclinical literature, there is still a lack of high quality evidence for the use of iNO in clinical settings. A variety of clinical applications have been suggested in and out of the critical care environment, aiming to use iNO in respiratory failure and pulmonary hypertension of adults or as a preventative measure of hemolysis-induced vasoconstriction, ischemia/reperfusion injury and as a potential treatment of renal failure associated with cardiopulmonary bypass. In this narrative review we aim to present a comprehensive summary of the potential use of iNO in several clinical conditions with its suggested benefits, including its recent application in the scenario of the COVID-19 pandemic. Randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, guidelines, observational studies and case-series were reported and the main findings summarized. Furthermore, we will describe the toxicity profile of NO and discuss innovative proposed strategies to produce iNO. Overall, iNO exhibits a wide range of potential clinical benefits, that certainly warrants further efforts with randomized clinical trials to determine specific therapeutic roles of iNO.

This study aims to improve the understanding of SMARCB1 (INI-1)-deficient sinonasal carcinoma (SDSC) by analyzing its clinical features, treatment strategies and prognosis.

Some patients take their strong opioid painkillers as unmeasured sips.

Chronic pain remains one of the most persistent healthcare challenges in the world. To advance pain treatment, experts have recently introduced research-driven subtypes of chronic pain based on proposed underlying mechanisms. Nociplastic pain (e.g., nonspecific chronic low back or fibromyalgia) is one such subtype which may involve a greater etiologic role for brain plasticity, painful emotions induced by life stress and trauma, and unhealthy emotion regulation. In particular, correlational and behavioral data link anger and the ways anger is regulated with the presence and severity of nociplastic pain. Functional neuroimaging studies also suggest nociplastic pain and healthy anger regulation demonstrate inverse patterns of activity in the medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala; thus, improving anger regulation could normalize activity in these regions. In this Mini-Review, we summarize these findings and propose a unified, biobehavioral model called the Anger, Brain, and Nociplastic Pain (AB-NP) Model, which can be tested in future research and may advance pain care by informing new treatments that address anger, anger regulation, and brain plasticity for nociplastic pain.

The present study focused on the development and evaluation of nanotechnology-based carrier systems of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) to enhance the permeation and bioavailability of zolmitriptan across blood-brain-barrier (BBB). SLNs are the emerging field of nanotechnology with numerous applications like cosmetics and pharmaceutical research. Zolmitriptan-loaded SLNs were prepared by high-pressure homogenization method for targeted drug delivery to the brain. The SLNs were found to be round in shape with particle size ranging from 110 to 200nm and zeta potential upto -24.83± 3.03mV which indicates good colloidal stability. The maximum entrapment efficiency of zolmitriptan in SLNs was found to be 84.17± 12.24%. The in-vitro drug release and ex-vivo release studies exhibited 95.85±2.44% and 82.06±2.94% drug release, respectively for 24h. In-vivo studies was performed on male Wistar rats wherein the concentration of zolmitriptan was estimated in cerebrospinal fluid by LC-MS method. The selected formulation incorporated with SLNs showed significant enhancement in pharmacokinetic parameters like AUC (37.05± 2.45ng/mL), C (42.08 ± 1.32ng/mL), T (30min), and t (1.28h). Zolmitriptan-loaded SLNs via intranasal administration offers a novel approach to effectively circumvent first-pass hepatic metabolism than conventional oral route with 4-fold alleviation in permeation and 2-fold improvement in bioavailability. DATA AVAILABILITY: The data used to support the findings of this study are included within the article.

Knee pain and osteoarthritis are frequent patient complaints, with a rapidly increasing prevalence. By comparison, the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is significantly lower at around 1%. Inflammatory arthropathies, like RA, are difficult to differentiate from infection, crystal arthropathies, or malignancy. In addition, radiography and roentgenograms are often inconclusive or non-specific, making it much more difficult to evaluate, diagnose, and manage this condition. The current case is unique due to its location in the knee joint, rather than more common presentations in the upper extremities, and use of MRI imaging for diagnosis of RA with tenosynovitis.

While chronic pancreatitis associated with pancreatolithiasis presents with pain, exocrine and endocrine pancreatic functions worsen with time. We examined outcomes of nonsurgical treatment.