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How does the brain change in chronic migraine? Developing disease biomarkers.

Validated chronic migraine biomarkers could improve diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive abilities for clinicians and researchers, as well as increase knowledge on migraine pathophysiology.

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Concurrent brain structural and functional alterations in patients with migraine without aura: an fMRI study.

To explore the possible concurrent brain functional and structural alterations in patients with migraine without aura (MwoA) patients compared to healthy subjects (HS).

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Eptinezumab for the preventive treatment of migraine.

Our knowledge of the pathophysiology of migraine and the molecules implicated in the disorder have evolved over time. Among these, calcitonin gene-related peptide has shown a crucial role that led to the development of therapies specifically targeting the molecule. Four monoclonal antibodies targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide pathway are currently available after the US FDA approval of eptinezumab for the indication of migraine prevention. This is the only one of the class to be administered intravenously. The pharmacology of eptinezumab and the four studies that led to the approval, two Phase II and two Phase III clinical trials, are reviewed in this paper. Eptinezumab has demonstrated efficacy, tolerability and safety in patients with episodic and chronic migraine. Studies including migraineurs who have failed previous preventives, and comparison with other options administered quarterly, as well as real-world experience data will all be welcome.

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The role of deficient pain modulatory systems in the development of persistent post-traumatic headaches following mild traumatic brain injury: an exploratory longitudinal study.

Post-traumatic headache (PTH) is one of the most common and long-lasting symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the pathological mechanisms underlying the development of persistent PTH remain poorly understood. The primary purpose of this prospective pilot study was to evaluate whether early pain modulatory profiles (sensitization and endogenous pain inhibitory capacity) and psychological factors after mild TBI predict the development of persistent PTH in mild TBI patients.

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Latest Insights into the Pathophysiology of Migraine: the ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels.

Migraine remains a challenging condition to treat, thus highlighting the need for a better understanding of its molecular mechanisms. This review intends to unravel a new emerging target in migraine pathophysiology, the adenosine 5'-triphosphate-sensitive K (K) channel.

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Prevalence and risk factors of migraine and non-migraine headache in older people – results of the Heinz Nixdorf Recall study.

The prevalence of migraine and non-migraine headache declines with age.

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Interictal amylin levels in chronic migraine patients: A case-control study.

Recently, amylin and its receptors were found in different structures involved in migraine pathophysiology. Here, we evaluate interictal concentrations of amylin and calcitonin gene-related peptide in peripheral blood as biomarkers for chronic migraine.

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Reversion from chronic migraine to episodic migraine following treatment with erenumab: Results of a analysis of a randomized, 12-week, double-blind study and a 52-week, open-label extension.

To determine reversion rates from chronic migraine to episodic migraine during long-term erenumab treatment.

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Polypharmacy and comorbidities during pregnancy in a cohort of women with migraine.

To describe longitudinal patterns of medication use throughout pregnancy in women with migraine.

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Could cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation modulate the power spectral density of alpha-band in migrainous occipital lobe?

To identify the correlation between cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and the power spectral density (PSD) of alpha-band on the occipital lobe of migraineurs.

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