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Hip reconstruction in patients with cerebral palsy (CP) is associated with. significant postoperative pain. However, adequate analgesia can be difficult to achieve. in this population due to spasticity, communication barriers, and postoperative. spasticity. Recently, multimodal pain management techniques such as epidurals and. regional nerve blocks have been described for postoperative pain control, but it is unclear if 1 technique is more beneficial. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of different perioperative pain management techniques.

Female patients with chronic pelvic pain (CPP) face complicated healthcare journeys, but narrative perspectives on CPP treatment are lacking.

Propofol total intravenous anesthesia is a common choice to anesthetize patients with increased intracranial pressure, reducing cerebral blood flow while maintaining cerebrovascular reactivity to CO. Propofol and alfaxalone are commonly used for total intravenous anesthesia in dogs, but the effects of alfaxalone on cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular reactivity to CO are unknown. Our hypothesis was that alfaxalone would not be significantly different to propofol, while isoflurane would increase cerebral blood flow and decrease cerebrovascular reactivity to CO. Six healthy hound dogs were evaluated in this randomized crossover trial. Dogs were anesthetized with 7.5mg/kg propofol, 3mg/kg alfaxalone or 8% sevoflurane, mechanically ventilated and maintained with propofol (400µg/kg/min), alfaxalone (150µg/kg/min) or 1.7% end-tidal isoflurane, respectively, with one week washout between treatments. Cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular reactivity to CO during hypercapnic and hypocapnic challenges were measured using arterial spin labelling and blood oxygen level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging sequences, respectively. Median (interquartile range, IQR) normocapnic cerebral blood flow was significantly lower (P=0.016) with alfaxalone compared to isoflurane, in the whole brain 15.39mL/min/100g (14.90-19.90mL/min/100g) vs. 34.10mL/min/100g (33.35-43.17mL/min/100g), the grey matter 14.57mL/min/100g (13.66-18.72mL/min/100g) vs. 32.37mL/min/100g (31.03-42.99mL/min/100g), the caudal brain 15.47mL/min/100g (13.37-21.45mL/min/100g) vs. 36.85mL/min/100g (32.50-47.18mL/min/100g) and the temporal lobe grey matter 18.80mL/min/100g (15.89-20.84mL/min/100g) vs. 43.32 (36.07-43.58mL/min/100g). Median (IQR) hypocapnic cerebrovascular reactivity to CO was significantly higher (P=0.016) for alfaxalone compared to isoflurane 8.85%S/mm Hg (6.92-10.44%S/mm Hg) vs. 3.90%S/mm Hg (3.80-4.33%S/mm Hg). Alfaxalone maintained lower cerebral blood flow and higher hypocapnic cerebrovascular reactivity to CO than isoflurane.

Monkeypox, a zoonotic orthopoxvirus, has spread to many countries in recent months, involving mostly men who have sex with men (MSM) with multiple partners. Clinical presentation includes skin lesions, systemic signs, and less frequently skin superinfections, or ano-rectal and ophthalmic involvements. We aim to detail cases of myocarditis attributable to monkeypox, an entity that has been poorly described.

There is a lack of standardized definition and classification of primary posterior petrous meningiomas (PPM), with consequent challenges in comparing different case series. The aim of our study is to provide an anatomical description and classification of PPM analysing a homogenous series of patients operated via retrosigmoid approach (RSA).

Placentophagia, ingestion of placenta and amniotic fluid, usually during parturition, is a behavioral feature of nearly all nonaquatic, placental mammals, and is a nexus for several interlocking behavioral phenomena. Placentophagia has not been typical of human cultures, but in recent years, some women in affluent societies have engaged in it, thereby bringing publicity to the behavior. First, we summarized benefits of placentophagia for nonhuman mammals, which include increased attractiveness of neonates, enhanced onset of maternal behavior, suppression of pseudopregnancy, and enhancement of opioid hypoalgesia by Placental Opioid-Enhancing Factor (POEF), a benefit that may extend well outside the context of parturition. The research on POEF in animals was discussed in detail. Then we discussed placentophagia (placentophagy) in humans, and whether there is validity to the claims of various benefits reported primarily in the pro-placentophagy literature, and, although human afterbirth shows POEF activity, the POEF effect has not yet been tested in humans. Finally, we discussed the general possible implications, for the management of pain and addiction, of isolating and characterizing POEF.

Autoantibodies against type I interferons (IFNs) occur in approximately 10% of adults with life-threatening COVID-19. The frequency of anti-IFN autoantibodies in children with severe sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection is unknown.

Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonists augment immune activity and have potential for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We aimed to assess the safety and tolerability of RO7020531 (also called RG7854), a prodrug of the TLR7 agonist RO7011785, in healthy volunteers and patients with chronic HBV infection.

OX40 is crucial for T-cell differentiation and memory induction. The anti-OX40 antibody, rocatinlimab inhibits the OX40 pathway. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of rocatinlimab in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.

An open label, phase IIa study conducted in Ethiopia evaluated the efficacy, safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a single 120-mg dose of the phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase inhibitor MMV390048 in Plasmodium vivax malaria. The study was not completed for operational reasons and emerging teratotoxicity data. For the eight adult male patients enrolled, adequate clinical and parasitological response at day 14 (primary endpoint) was 100% (8/8). Asexual parasites and gametocytes were cleared in all patients by 66 and 78 hours postdose, respectively. There were two recurrent P. vivax infections (days 20 and 28) and a new Plasmodium falciparum infection (day 22). MMV390048 exposure in P. vivax patients was lower than previously observed for healthy volunteers. Mild adverse events, mainly headache and gastrointestinal symptoms, were reported by eight patients. Single-dose MMV390048 (120 mg) rapidly cleared asexual parasites and gametocytes in patients with P. vivax malaria and was well tolerated.