Epidural anesthesia has been an established procedure in anesthesia for many years. Possibly due to its invasiveness, the associated fear of serious complications and the proliferation of alternative methods, an overall decline in its use can be observed. Several alternative procedures have been developed, especially the introduction of ultrasound into anesthesia, which are increasingly being used in clinical practice. The aim of this continuing medical education (CME) article is to shed light on the remaining range of indications for epidural anesthesia, to present the approaches and possible clinical benefits as well as to evaluate the effects that go beyond pure analgesia, according to the current evidence. In addition, potential complications and preventive approaches are discussed. This article is based on a literature search in PubMed and Google Scholar.
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