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This single-center retrospective study analyzed patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) who underwent endoscopic facet joint denervation (EFJD) between April 2018 and May 2019.

Prior studies have suggested that cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) can affect the prognosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to assess if CVRFs affect the early course of MS.

Neuroinflammation results in neuropathic pain following brachial plexus avulsion (BPA). This research was designed for investigating the function of miR-506-3p in BPA-induced neuropathic pain (NP). A total brachial plexus root avulsion (tBPRA) model was produced in adult rats as well as IL-1β-treated motoneuron-like NSC-34 cells and the LPS-treated microglia cell line BV2 for in vivo and in vitro experiments, respectively. RT-PCR and western blot were performed to detect the profiles of miR-506-3p, CCL2 and CCR2, NF-κB, FOXO3a, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in cells or the spinal cord close to the tBPI lesion. Neuronal apoptosis was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in vivo. CCK8, TUNEL staining, and the LDH kit were adopted for the evaluation of neuronal viability or damage in vitro. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and dual-luciferase reporter gene assays analyzed the targeted association between miR-506-3p and CCL2. As shown by the data, miR-506-3p was vigorously less expressed, while CCL2-CCR2, NF-κB TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were up-regulated in the spinal cord with tBPI. Overexpression of miR-506-3p attenuated neuronal apoptosis and microglial inflammation. Mechanistically, CCL2 was a downstream target of miR-506-3p. Up-regulating miR-506-3p dampened CCL2-CCR2 and NF-κB activation in the spinal cord and microglia. miR-506-3p had neuroprotective and inflammation-fighting functions in the tBPI rat model via CCL2/CCR2/NF-κB axis.

Moynihan's aphorism that "gall stone is a tomb stone erected in the memory of the organism with in it" is true even today. This case could be an example to reemphasise the forementioned axiom. We present here a case of Chronic Granulomatous Schistosomal cholecystitis which is an unusually rare cause of Cholecystitis and cholelithiasis, that too in a non-endemic area. The patient has never ever visited the known endemic zones of Schistosomiasis or Bilharziasis areas in India. In a way it could be the first case report of schistosomiasis in this area.

To provide guidance on the use of opioids to manage pain from cancer or cancer treatment in adults.

Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is an electrophysiological event underlying migraine aura. Traditional CSD models are invasive and often cause injuries. The aim of the study was to establish a minimally invasive optogenetic CSD model and identify the active networks after CSD using whole-brain activity mapping.

Erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is an ultrasound-guided interfascial plane block used to provide analgesia in dogs undergoing hemilaminectomy. The aim of this study is to compare the analgesic efficacy of a bilateral ESPB with a fentanyl constant rate infusion (CRI) in dogs undergoing hemilaminectomy.

For patients with therapy-refractory persistent spinal pain syndrome type II (PSPS-T2), spinal cord stimulation (SCS) may serve as an effective minimally invasive treatment. Despite the evidence that SCS can improve return to work (RTW), only 9.5 to 14% of patients implanted with SCS are effectively capable of returning to work. Thus, it seems that current post-operative interventions are not effective for achieving RTW after SCS implantation in clinical practice. The current objective is to examine whether a personalised biopsychosocial rehabilitation programme specifically targeting RTW alters the work ability in PSPS-T2 patients after SCS implantation compared to usual care.