Fundamentals of Musculoskeletal Pain

Editors: Thomas Graven-Nielsen,
Lars Arendt-Nielsen, and Siegfried Mense

publish year: 2008
hardcover, 496 pages
ISBN-13 978-0-931092-72-5

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List Price: US$90.00
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Fundamentals of Musculoskeletal Pain combines original contributions and proceedings from the IASP research symposium on musculoskeletal pain. This book presents the fundamentals along with the most recent research on topics related to musculoskeletal pain written by basic scientists and clinicians.

The book is divided into three parts. Part I reviews the basic mechanisms of muscle pain, covering peripheral and central aspects. Part II describes key factors determining muscle pain sensitivity, with a thorough explanation of sex-related and genetic factors. Part III describes the effects of muscle pain on motor function with a focus on jaw pain, back pain, neck and shoulder pain, and joint pain. Throughout the book there is an emphasis on translational aspects of musculoskeletal pain research to clarify how current research can benefit clinical strategies.

Part I Basic Mechanisms of Muscle Pain

1.	Morphology and Functional Types of Muscle Nociceptors Siegfried Mense and U. Hoheisel
2.	Physiological Properties of Thin-Fiber Muscle Afferents: Excitation and Modulatory Effects Brian E. Cairns
3.	Functional Role of Peripheral Glutamate Receptors in Craniofacial Muscle Pain and Hyperalgesia Jin Y. Ro
4.	Facilitated Response of Muscle Thin-Fiber Receptors in Mechanical Hyperalgesia after Exercise Kazue Mizumura and Toru Taguchi
5.	Mechanisms of Central Nervous Hyperexcitability Due to Activation of Muscle Nociceptors Siegfried Mense and U. Hoheisel
6.	Bilateral, Long-Lasting Hyperalgesia Due to Repeated Excitation of Muscle Nociceptors: A Role for ASIC3 Roxanne Y. Walder and Kathleen A. Sluka
7.	Central Mechanisms of Craniofacial Musculoskeletal Pain: A Review Barry J. Sessle
8.	New Perspectives on Descending Pain-Modulating Systems in Musculoskeletal Pain Wahida Rahman and Anthony H. Dickenson
9.	Peripheral Aspects of Cytokines in Musculoskeletal Pain Sigvard Kopp and Per Alstergren
10.	Serotonergic Receptor Involvement in Muscle Pain and Hyperalgesia Malin Ernberg
11.	Human Models and Clinical Manifestations of Muscle Pain, Referred Pain, Hyperalgesia, and Pain-Motor Interactions Thomas Graven-Nielsen and Lars Arendt-Nielsen
12.	Central Representation of Muscle Pain and Hyperalgesia Peter Svensson and Randi Abrahamsen
Part II Key Factors Determining Muscle Pain Sensitivity

13.	Referred Muscular Hyperalgesia from Visceral Structures Maria Adele Giamberardino, Raffaele Costantini, and Giannapia Affaitati
14.	Sex-Related Differences in Muscle Afferent Discharge Brian E. Cairns and Xudong Dong
15.	Sex-Related Differences in Clinical and Experimental Muscle Pain Stefan Lautenbacher
16.	Sex-Related Differences in Delayed-Onset Muscle Pain Erin A. Dannecker
17.	Biopsychological and Genetic Risk Factors for Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Related Conditions William Maixner
18.	Genetic Aspects of Clinical Conditions of Deep Tissue Pain Laurence A. Bradley
19.	Peripheral Opioid Analgesia in Experimental Muscle Pain Irmgard Tegeder
20.	Augmented Central Pain Processing in Fibromyalgia Patients Richard H. Gracely
21.	Clinical Manifestations of Muscle and Joint Pain Henning Bliddal and Michele Curatolo
22.	Translational Aspects of Musculoskeletal Pain Lars Arendt-Nielsen and Thomas Graven-Nielsen
Part III Effects of Muscle Pain on Motor Function
23.	Effects of Experimental Muscle Pain on Muscle Spindle Sensitivity Jin Y. Ro, Norman F. Capra, and Radi Masri
24.	Proprioception and Neck/Shoulder Pain Mats Djupsjöbacka
25.	Functional Adaptations in Work-Related Pain Conditions Pascal Madeleine
26.	Neuromuscular Control of the Cervical Spine in Neck Pain Disorders Deborah Falla
27.	Pain and Jaw Motor Function Peter Svensson
28.	Changes in Sensorimotor Control in Low Back Pain Paul W. Hodges
29.	Effect of Experimental Muscle Pain on Motor Unit Properties Dario Farina
Index

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Reviews

"Musculoskeletal pain, which dwarfs all other kinds of chronic pain in prevalence, comprises a disproportionately low percentage of research papers published in pain journals or presented at pain conferences. Thus, it is heartening to see an ambitious book like this one, which focuses on musculoskeletal pain and reviews the basic science underlying it. The greatest strength of the book is its detailed description of physiologic processes involved in pain emanating from muscles. This is not surprising, given the fact that the editors are internationally acclaimed pain researchers with many years of experience in the study of muscle pain, [...] Any physician or researcher who is interested in understanding the biology underlying musculoskeletal pain should have this book in his/her library."
APS Bulletin from the American Pain Society (Volume 19, Issue 1, 2009), Reviewed by James P. Robinson, MD PhD Read entire article

"This book integrates research findings within the field of musculoskeletal pain into a comprehensive publication that explores aspects relevant to clinical pain. Research studies on the mechanisms of musculoskeletal pain can translate into improved pain relief for patients. [...] Throughout the book there is an emphasis on translational aspects of musculoskeletal pain research to clarify how current research can benefit clinical strategies. [...] Fundamentals of Musculoskeletal Pain also offers insight on why musculoskeletal pain conditions are more prevalent in women by presenting new views on gender differences in musculoskeletal pain conditions, including hormone-related modulation of receptor expression and function."
Practical PAIN MANAGEMENT (July/August 2008, Volume 8, Issue 6)

"The last few years have seen an extensive number of original, peer-reviewed publications in this field, making this publication a timely review of the mechanisms of musculoskeletal pain. [...] The text is easy to read, and chapters are concise and well referenced, up to the publication year 2007. [...] The efforts of basic science researchers to bring their knowledge and expertise to bear on a clinical problems is commendable."
Canadian Journal of Anesthesia (55:12, December 2008), Reviewed by Robert Banner, MD CCFP FRCP

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Behind the Book: Thomas Graven-Nielsen

Musculoskeletal pain — including fibromyalgia, work-related myalgia, myofascial pain, strain injuries, low back pain, and arthritis and other inflammatory conditions of the muscles, tendons, and joints — is a major medical and economic problem. The newest book from IASP Press®, Fundamentals of Musculoskeletal Pain, integrates research findings within the field of musculoskeletal pain into a comprehensive publication that explores translational aspects relevant to clinical pain. We asked lead editor Dr. Thomas Graven-Nielsen to describe why the book is such a unique resource.

Q: What do you consider some of the most exciting areas of research on musculoskeletal pain?

Graven-Nielsen: The scientific approach in which basic animal findings are translated into human manifestations is yielding exciting, new insights into the mechanisms involved in chronic musculoskeletal pain in patients. This type of new knowledge is fundamental for developing improved treatments.

Q: Why is there a need for a book on this topic?

Graven-Nielsen: The last few years have seen an extensive number of original, peer-reviewed publications in this field, so the time is right for an updated comprehensive overview of the mechanisms of musculoskeletal pain. Perhaps this book’s most useful and timely contribution is to highlight the translation of findings from basic animal studies, and from human experimental pain studies, into potential clinical mechanisms.

Q: Is the book relevant for clinicians treating musculoskeletal pain?

Graven-Nielsen: Definitely. Clinicians will find this book a useful resource to update them on current knowledge about the mechanisms involved in musculoskeletal pain. Over the past decade, our understanding of these mechanisms has changed dramatically. Previous beliefs were adopted from pain research that did not specifically target deep-tissue pain. Today we know about additional mechanisms that are only relevant to musculoskeletal pain. This book gives the full picture, including the functional effects of pain (movement disturbances due to muscle pain) as well as sensory manifestations (such as referred pain and hyperalgesia). Several chapters highlight current clinical views on musculoskeletal pain, including fibromyalgia, clinical aspects of muscle and joint pain, work-related pain, neck pain, temporomandibular pain, and low back pain.

Q: Does the book offer any new insights on why musculoskeletal pain conditions are more prevalent in women?

Graven-Nielsen: The book presents new views on gender differences in musculoskeletal pain conditions. It describes evidence for sex-related differences in muscle afferent responses and estrogen-related modulation of receptor expression and function. It is still an open issue whether sex-related differences in muscle afferent discharge contribute to differences in the incidence and prevalence of chronic myofascial pain.

Q: Please tell us about the symposium on which this book was largely based.

Graven-Nielsen: Many of the book chapters are based on presentations at the 7th IASP Research Symposium, “Fundamentals of Musculoskeletal Pain,” which took place in May 2007 at Aalborg University’s Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction [in Denmark]. We were extremely pleased to see the genuine interest among the 180 participants from around the world and to hear their lively discussions of the topic during the meeting.

Q: The last section of the book focuses on the effects of pain on motor function. What are some of the most important clinical aspects of new insights in this area?

Graven-Nielsen: Researchers had believed that deep-tissue pain facilitates muscle activity, which was thought to cause more pain, leading to a vicious cycle. The main new insight on this topic is that pain has a more adaptive role, so that musculoskeletal pain decreases muscle activity and range of motion, which will eventually overload other muscles and structures.

Q: Do you have any words of encouragement on potential novel therapies for clinical pain?

Graven-Nielsen: Many contributions to this book highlight the importance of facilitation in central neural mechanisms of musculoskeletal nociception, such as the widespread allodynia that occurs in animal models of muscle nociception and enlarged areas of referred pain in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. These new insights on plasticity might guide the development of novel targeted treatment regimes. The book explains that some of the pain manifestations in chronic musculoskeletal pain conditions are consequences of sensitization. Some of the management strategies used to manage neuropathic pain also apply to chronic musculoskeletal pain conditions. This concept is slowly being clinically accepted, and the drugs used in neuropathic pain are being used in conjunction with traditional musculoskeletal pain management regimes.

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